如何使用CentOS 9 Stream 编译安装MySQL8

题外话：从Centos8.5开始全部转换成Stream版本，Stream属于滚动发行版，等级L1 （L0-L4请自行百度了解）随着滚动发行该教程会有出入，个人用户可以无视，对于运维、企业管理者来说不同等级的发行版运行的项目不一样。

已在腾讯云轻量云服务器、官方CentOS 9 Stream镜像Minimal版测试通过

安装编译环境

yum install -y gcc-toolset-12-gcc gcc-toolset-12-gcc-c++ gcc-toolset-12-binutils gcc-toolset-12-annobin-annocheck gcc-toolset-12-annobin-plugin-gcc

yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ cmake ncurses-devel bison openssl-devel rpcgen libudev-devel libaio-devel libtirpc-devel

libtirpc-devel 如果下载失败二种方法解决

1.更换源，请自行按地址中的说明更换

https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/centos-stream/

2 手动安装

rpm -qa | grep libtirpc

结果如下

[root@localhost ~] rpm -qa | grep libtirpc
libtirpc-1.3.3-6.el9.x86_64

注意这里有个 6 随着升级数字也会有变化

rpm -ivh https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos-stream/9-stream/CRB/x86_64/os/Packages/libtirpc-devel-1.3.3-6.el9.x86_64.rpm

下载、解压、配置

wget https://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-boost-8.0.38.tar.gz
tar -zxvf mysql-boost-8.0.38.tar.gz && cd mysql-8.0.38

增加用户和组、建立数据存放文件夹（全部复制丢进终端即可）

groupadd mysql && useradd mysql -g mysql -M -s /sbin/nologin
mkdir /usr/local/mysql && chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
mkdir /data/mysql && chown -R mysql:mysql /data/mysql

配置

cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \
-DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS="-I/usr/include/tirpc/rpc" \
-DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS='-ljemalloc' \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/data/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8mb4 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8mb4_general_ci \
-DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 \
-DFORCE_INSOURCE_BUILD=1 \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_BOOST=/root/mysql-8.0.38/boost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD=1

注意看第三行需要增加 -DCMAKE_CXX_FLAGS=”-I/usr/include/tirpc/rpc” 否则报

CMake Error at configure.cmake:337 (MESSAGE):
  No mysys timer support detected!
Call Stack (most recent call first):
  CMakeLists.txt:1584 (INCLUDE)

这也是绝大部分人第一步就错了，特别强调：不要试图软链 /usr/include/tirpc/rpc 在make的时候会报 googletest 错误（既然能直接调用为什么还要傻不啦叽的软链使用？吃了一个大亏）

注意看第四行 -DCMAKE_EXE_LINKER_FLAGS=’-ljemalloc’ 这个是选择性增加如果需要请提前编译 jemalloc否则会报错

编译（数字4 是有4个CPU 根据CPU来修改）

make -j4

安装（漫长等待后）

make install

是不是觉得成功了？ No No No 么有启动脚本复制脚本到安装目录

cp support-files/mysql.server.sh /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
chmod +x /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server
cp support-files/mysqld_multi.server /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysqld_multi.server
chmod +x /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server

修改MySQL启动项

vi /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server

查找

basedir=@prefix@        修改成 basedir=/usr/local/mysql
bindir=@bindir@         修改成 bindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
datadir=@localstatedir@ 修改成 datadir=/data/mysql  # 这是数据存放目录
sbindir=@sbindir@       修改成 sbindir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
libexecdir=@sbindir@    修改成 libexecdir=/usr/local/mysql/bin
mysqld_pid=`@PIDOF@ $libexecdir/mysqld`  修改成 mysqld_pid=`pidof $libexecdir/mysqld`

保存退出增加增加软链

ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql /usr/bin/
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/myisamchk /usr/bin/
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqlcheck /usr/bin/
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe /usr/bin/
ln -sf /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqldump /usr/bin/
ldconfig

增加启动脚本

vi /etc/systemd/system/mysql.service

[Unit]
Description=MySQL Community Server
After=network.target syslog.target

[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start
ExecStop=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server stop
ExecReload=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server reload
ExecRestart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server restart

Restart=no
PrivateTmp=false

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

重新加载启动服务启动MySQL 设置开机启动查看运行状态

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl enable mysql.service
sudo systemctl start mysql.service
sudo systemctl status mysql.service

初始化数据库，生成随机密码需备份密码后面要用

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --basedir=/usr/local/mysql

修改临时密码使用生成的临时密码登录 123456 替换成正式密码完成后Ctrl+d 退出

mysql -u root -p

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';
ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY '123456';
FLUSH PRIVILEGES;

在MySQL8中 mysql_native_password 会报警告，之后版本可能会完全弃用程序支持 caching_sha2_password 的话推荐使用

最后来个效果

[root@localhost ~] systemctl status mysql
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; preset: disabled)
Active: active (running) since Mon 2024-07-15 14:50:09 CST; 47s ago
Process: 1015 ExecStart=/usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Main PID: 1069 (mysqld_safe)
Tasks: 38 (limit: 48891)
Memory: 780.9M
CPU: 1.108s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
├─1069 /bin/sh /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --datadir=/data/mysql --pid-file=/data/mysql/localhost.localdomain.pid
└─1959 /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/data/mysql --plugin-dir=/usr/local/mysql/lib/plugin --user=mysql --log-error=localhost.localdoma>
7月 15 14:50:06 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server…
7月 15 14:50:09 localhost.localdomain mysql.server[1015]: Starting MySQL.. SUCCESS!
7月 15 14:50:09 localhost.localdomain systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.

当前系统版本信息

[root@localhost ~] cat /etc/os-release
NAME="CentOS Stream"
VERSION="9"
ID="centos"
ID_LIKE="rhel fedora"
VERSION_ID="9"
PLATFORM_ID="platform:el9"
PRETTY_NAME="CentOS Stream 9"
ANSI_COLOR="0;31"
LOGO="fedora-logo-icon"
CPE_NAME="cpe:/o:centos:centos:9"
HOME_URL="https://centos.org/"
BUG_REPORT_URL="https://issues.redhat.com/"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT="Red Hat Enterprise Linux 9"
REDHAT_SUPPORT_PRODUCT_VERSION="CentOS Stream"

当前内核版本

[root@localhost ~] uname -a
Linux localhost.localdomain 5.14.0-474.el9.x86_64 #1 SMP PREEMPT_DYNAMIC Tue Jul 2 17:13:22 UTC 2024 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

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